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Mont Saint Michel
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| Le Mont-Saint-Michel, rocky, cone-shaped islet
in northwestern France, in the Gulf of Saint-Malo, connected by a
causeway with the mainland. The islet, celebrated for its Benedictine
abbey, has small houses and shops on its lowest level. Above these stand
the monastic buildings, many of which date from the 13th century and are
considered outstanding examples of Gothic architecture. The entire islet
is crowned by the abbey church, about 73 m (about 240 ft) above sea level.
The first chapel on this site was founded in 708 by Aubert, Bishop of
Avranches , after the Archangel Michael has appeared to him in a dream.
The Archangel Michel appeared here in the year 708. The Abbey takes the
name of Mont saint Michel. The oratory, consecrated in 709 was served by a
community of canons. It apparently survived the Norman invasions, but the
observance of the rule became very relaxed. In 966 Richard I, Duke of
Normandy, established there the Benedictine monks from St. Wandrille
Abbeyunder the direction of Abbot Maynard, who began the reconstructions
of the church and other buildings. The church was burnt in 922 and rebuilt
on a larger scale by Abbot Hildebert II from 1023, at the time of the
monastic reforms in Normandy carried out by Richard II and William of
Volpiano |
Eiffel Tower
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| OK... I was going from memory, so I missed some of the
details... Next time! :-) |
The real thing! |
The Eiffel Tower is 300 meters high and
320 meters with the cabin of TV . Its square base is of 125 m².
The first project began in 1884 ; from 1887 to 1889, 300
assemblers acrobats jointed the 2,5 million rivets. It was presented to
Universal Expostion of 1889. At this date, the Army gave the ground
at the Town of Paris. For the 100 anniversary of its creation, new lights
with sodium were arranged .The most famous painters who have painted the
tower are Camille Pissaro, Raoul Dufy, Maurice Utrillo, George Seurat,
Albert Marquet & Jean Delaunay, Kees Van Dongen. In 1918 French
broadcasting was created and the TV aeriel have been settled in 1957
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Actually, a important meteorology and air control laboratory
is installed on the last platform. Until 1975, a revolving headlight
equipped the top ; It has been changed by a point fixed red lights .
Approximately 350 people work for the Societe nouvelle d'Exploitation de
la Tour Eiffel( New Eiffel Tower Exploitation Company) . Light
and resistant, the metal frame weighs 7000 tons, 9700 tons for the
whole of the structure. The load on the ground is 4 kg by cm² ( in
comparaison, that corresponds to laod exerts by a man sitting on a
chair). The Eiffel Tower is repainted every 7 years (1989, 1996, 2003...).
It needs then 52 tons of paint. The oscillation of the top, by
very high wind, does not exceed the 12 cm ( 4.7"). The height can
change from 15 centimetres with outside temperature. The Eiffel Tower is
made of 3 platforms : first is located at 57 meters, the second at 115
meters and the third at 274 metres. 1652 steps are necessary to
reach the highest level . The sight from the 3rd stair (platform) carries
up to 67 kilometers (the best visibility is noted 1 hour before the
sunset). More than 3 million visitors have visited the Eiffel Tower each
year and more than 120 million visitors since 100 years. It is the
Parisian monument most known in the world.
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Miscellaneous construction photos
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